When talking to growers, I firmly advocate for a proactive approach to optimizing potato crop nutrition. Understanding the soil and specific nutrient requirements of our crops is paramount to achieving exceptional yields and superior quality.
It all begins with the critical step of conducting a soil sample in the fall. This analysis provides us valuable insights into the nutrient profile and inherent limitations of the field. This knowledge becomes the cornerstone of developing a tailored fertility program that will address the precise nutrient demands of our potato crop. Doing so in the fall – as opposed to spring – will facilitate crop planning in the off season.
When reviewing soil data, it’s important to consider in-field observations from previous crops. Quality issues, disease outbreaks, and insect pressure can all be connected back to nutrient deficiencies or imbalances. Think about soil nutrients like pieces in a puzzle: Each has its place (or purpose), and one cannot replace another. To complete the puzzle, all of the pieces need to be in place – not just nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
For today’s potato market, producing tubers with the highest quality standards, whether it be for fresh consumption or processing, is of the utmost importance. When potatoes “bulk up” – meaning they increase in size and develop a mature skin for harvest and storage – they are particularly hungry for nutrients like potassium (K), calcium, and boron.
Calcium is primarily responsible for bulk. When this nutrient is deficient, it can contribute to “hollow heart” during tuber development. If you’re short on potassium, problems could occur in storage, and overall quality of the potato is at risk. Now here’s where things get interesting. Adequate levels of boron are necessary to facilitate uptake of calcium and potassium. That said, it’s equally important to monitor micronutrient levels as they may be the root cause of an issue.
By taking a proactive approach to soil sampling, we also give ourselves the knowledge to prepare for a productive tissue sampling program. For example, a soil test showing low levels of potassium would be a good indicator to stock up on foliar K. From there, regular in-season tissue testing will tell you when it is time to apply.
As we navigate the challenges in the world of crop nutrition, we must be wary of misinformation surrounding balanced fertility and product efficacy. Access to unbiased and reliable information is crucial for making informed decisions in our crop management practices. Investing in soil sampling and staying updated with practical guidance equips us to successfully tackle the complex landscape of crop nutrition.
Adopting a proactive approach to potato crop nutrition is the key to achieving consistent and exceptional yields. By understanding our soil, tailoring fertility programs, and staying ahead of potential issues, we can set our crops on the path to success and ensure a sustainable future for our farms.
